Abbreviations of Dictionaries of Art, Artists, and Engravers

Bénézit 2000 = E. Bénézit. Dictionnaire critique et documentaire des peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs, et graveurs. New ed., 14 v. Paris: Gründ, 2000.

Benezit 2006 = Benezit Dictionary of Artists. 14 v. Library Gründ, 2006.

Baker = W. S. Baker. American Engravers and Their Works. Philadelphia: Gebbie and Barrie, 1875.

Bryan = Bryan’s Dictionary of Painters and Engravers. 5 v. New ed, rev. and enl. New York: Macmillan, 1903-05.

Grove = The Dictionary of Art, ed. Jane Turner, 34 v. London and New York: Macmillan Publishers and Grove’s Dictionaries, 1996. Citations from Grove Art Dictionary Online will be so indicated in the text.  

H = Basil Hunnisett. A Dictionary of British Steel Engravers. Leigh-on-Sea UK: F. Lewis, 1980. 

Holl = Hollstein’s German Engravings, Etchings, and Woodcuts, 1400-1700. 55 v. Rotterdam: Sound & Vision, 1954-.

LeBlanc = Le Blanc, Charles, and Jacques-Charles Brunet. Manuel de l'amateur d'estampes, contenant le dictionnaire des graveurs de toutes les nations. 4 v. Paris: É. Bouillon, 1854-90; rpr. Amsterdam: G. W. Hissink, 1970, 4 v. in 2.

MF = Mantle Fielding’s Dictionary of American Painters, Sculptors, and Engravers. Ed. Glenn B. Opitz, 2^nd ed. newly-rev., enl. and updated. New York: Apollo, 1986.

P-B = Roger Portalis and Henri Béraldi.  Les Graveurs du Dix-Huitième Siécle. Paris: Morgand and Fatout. 3 v. New York: B. Franklin, 1970.

Saur = Thieme-Bekker / Vollmer. Gesamtregister: Register zum Allegemeinen Lexikon der bildended Künstler von der Antike bis zur Gegeneardt. 83 v. Munich: K. G. Saur, 1992--; Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, from 2014.

Smith = John Smith. Catalogue Raisonné of the most Eminent Dutch, Flemish, and French Painters. 9 v. London: Smith and Son, 1829-42.

Stauffer = David McNeely Stauffer. American Engravers upon Copper and Steel. 3 v. New York: Grolier Club, 1907; rpr. 1994. 

T-B = Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker. Allgemeines Künstler-Lexikon Die Bildenden Künstler von der Antique zur Gegenwart. 37 v. Leipzig: E. A. Seeman. See also Saur.